Wednesday, 22 August 2012

5 Secrets About Men

What Do Men Love in a Woman?

How Men Fall In Love

Friday, 10 August 2012

Crude oil and cooking oil: What harm do they do?


We have all heard of the BP oil spill, and know that this crude oil is very harmful. But do we really know the harms? Crude oil is filled with toxic properties, and when these toxins become airborne, they can travel for many miles. These toxins cause problems such as trouble breathing, dizziness, nausea, headaches, and confusion. If people with COPD or asthma even come into brief contact with these toxins, they can cause health problems. There are some potential long-term effects of these toxins, which can include kidney, liver, blood, reproductive, or immune system damage. There are also risks of birth defects and cancer. Oils used for cooking can also cause harm to people. To begin with, vegetable oils can cause your good cholesterol to turn into bad cholesterol. Diseases such as heart diseases and breast cancer are caused by the trans-fats in these oils. Another potential issue that can come from eating these oils is intestinal damage, or the chance of food allergies popping up. Auto immune problems can also show up. The chemicals in vegetable oils can cause infertility or sterility. Children can also develop behavioral problems. Staying away from crude oils, and limiting your intake of vegetable oil will help you stay healthy and live a much better life.

Dark Spots On The Skin



Melanin is what gives our skin color, or pigment. Dark spots on the skin, hyper-pigmentation, is caused by the overproduction of melanin. This condition occurs in all races. Sometimes these are referred to as “age spots” and are typically caused by sun damage which is acquired over a long period of time. The sun is the most common cause of these darkened skin patches. This darkened skin can also be caused by changes in the hormones, which is commonly caused  by pregnancy or birth control pills. There are also disorders which can cause this, such as Addison’s disease. These dark skin spots can also  be caused by a combination of an allergic reaction and sun exposure. These dark spots can sometimes be temporary, such as when taking birth control pills or during pregnancy. This is not a life-threatening condition, but can be the symptom of another disorder that you should get treatment for. If you have these dark spots, and also have symptoms such as loss of appetite, fatigue, or depression, you should see a doctor. If the dark spots are also appearing in your mouth or out mucus membranes, or notice diarrhea or constipation, these symptoms are also serious and require you to see a doctor. There are some ways to help with these areas of the skin, such as medication or lasers.  If you have these dark skin spots and are concerned, you should consult a doctor. These spots can be embarrassing, but usually are not going to harm you. With technology today, you can be helped.

How many calories a woman should take per day?


Caloric intake is a fact of life that many people do not pay attention to. Those who work out or are trying to lost weight usually do count calories and keep a close eye on their intake. There are varying factors to determine how many calories you should intake daily to remain healthy, such as age, weight, and amount of physical activity. On average, a woman needs about 2,000 calories everyday. However, those who work out can intake more, adding around 250 calories a day, as those are burned while exercising. Adding more than this while exercising will counter what you are trying to achieve. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should intake a larger number of calories, closer to 2,200. If you are trying to lose weight or size, eating a lower number of calories is best for you, but no less than 1,200. The reverse is also true: if you are trying to gain weight, your caloric intake should be higher. Your age can vary your caloric intake as well. Typically, younger women, usually more active, require more calories each day to keep healthy, about 2,200. Teenage girls require the most calories daily because of their growing bodies. Active teenagers require 500-600 more calories than the average teenager. Older women, most of whom are less active, require fewer calories each day, around 1,600. These numbers are averages and for the typical person. Always talk to your doctor before starting an exercise plan or diet, and ask him what your caloric intake should be.

Do your lips produce melanin?


Melanin, also known as pigment, is the substance in our bodies that gives color to the skin, eyes, and hair. People with darker skin have much higher amounts of melanin, and those with pale skin have much less. Melanin also helps protect you from harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun. It is produced in nearly all organs that are vital to our bodies by melanocytes. These metabolize tyrosine, which is an amino acid. These formation sites include the heart, liver, muscles, and arteries. One of the places on your body that you must protect the most, especially from the sun, is the lips. This is because the lips produce no melanin, unlike the rest of the skin on your body. Using a lip balm that has a good sunscreen in it is essential to preventing not only sun burns, but also will protect from sunspots and skin cancer on the lips. The color in the lips instead comes from the blood vessels underneath. These capillaries are close to the skin, giving them their red or pink color. There are certain foods that you can eat to help your melanin levels, but do not forget that the lips must be protected because they produce none.

How do you test for allergies?



Knowing if you have an allergy early can save your life later. There are all types of allergies out there, from pets, flowers, insects, and even foods. The good news is that there are options for those with allergies. Sometimes medications will help, or simply staying away from those allergens will be sufficient. The best news is that you do not have to wait for something bad to happen to know you have an allergy because there are numerous tests that your doctor can do to see if you do indeed have an allergy. These tests can determine the specific allergens that effect you, and why you are seeing specific symptoms. Knowing these will help your doctor prescribe a good course of treatment to reduce your symptoms. There are two main types of tests that are done to determine if you have allergies or not. These are blood samples and skin prick tests. With a blood test, a sample is sent to the lab to be analyzed. This type of test is best for young children and babies because it is much easier than several skin tests. A skin prick test is where the patient is pricked numerous times with a series of needles that have a number of allergy triggers. Reactions such as red bumps or welts will tell the doctor that the patient does have allergies. Knowing whether you have allergies or not can save your life as some allergies can cause heart problems. This is common in bee sting allergies. Preventative treatment, or simply being prepared for a reaction, is always recommended. So talk to your doctor today if you think you may have some sort of allergy. You will not regret it.

Does playing sports and eating a healthy diet help you live longer?




Many of us know that a good diet and exercise can help us live longer, healthier lives. It is also true that playing sports does the same. This is because when you play sports, you are more active. Moving with speed and purpose will help increase your heart rate, as well as improve your lung capacity. Even sports like golf are helpful because of all the walking required. The running and jumping that many sports require help us with our overall body conditioning, and any sport that requires strength training is also great. It has been shown that players also have a much easier time fighting diseases such as cardiovascular problems, as well as diabetes. There has also been a correlation between sports and lower risks of cancer. One last advantage of playing sports is the emotional benefits. We learn about teamwork, friendship, and work ethic by working together towards a common goal. These skills not only help while playing sports, but also in other areas of our lives. Eating foods like broccoli, which contains anti-carcinogens; oily fish, which help lower cholesterol and prevents strokes and blood clots; and onions which not only help protect from cancer, but also help protect you from breathing conditions such as asthma, will help you live longer. Combining a good diet with playing sports, of any sort, will improve your overall health and increase your chances of living to a great, ripe old age.

Wednesday, 1 August 2012

Saturday, 30 June 2012

'Smoking vaccine' blocks nicotine in mice brains


Man smoking Researchers believe vaccines may one day help people if they choose to quit.

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Smokers could one day be immunised against nicotine so they gain no pleasure from the habit, according to researchers in the US.
They have devised a vaccine that floods the body with an antibody to assault nicotine entering the body.
A study in mice, published in Science Translational Medicine, showed levels of the chemical in the brain were reduced by 85% after vaccination.
Years of research are still needed before it could be tested on people.
However, lead researcher Prof Ronald Crystal is convinced there will be benefits.
"As far as we can see, the best way to treat chronic nicotine addiction from smoking is to have these Pacman-like antibodies on patrol, clearing the blood as needed before nicotine can have any biological effect."
New approach Other "smoking vaccines" have been developed that train the immune system to produce antibodies that bind to nicotine - it is the same method used to vaccinate against diseases. The challenge has been to produce enough antibodies to stop the drug entering the brain and delivering its pleasurable hit.
Scientists at Weill Cornell Medical College have used a completely different approach, a gene-therapy vaccine, which they say is more promising.

Start Quote

If they start smoking again, they will receive no pleasure from it due to the nicotine vaccine, and that can help them kick the habit”
End Quote Prof Ronald Crystal Weill Cornell Medical College
A genetically modified virus containing the instructions for making nicotine antibodies is used to infect the liver. This turns the organ into a factory producing the antibodies.
The research team compared the amount of nicotine in the brains of normal mice with those that had been immunised. After being injected with nicotine, the vaccinated mice had nicotine levels 85% lower.
It is not known if this could be repeated in humans or if this level of reduction would be enough to help people quit.
Prof Crystal said that if such a vaccine could be developed then people "will know if they start smoking again, they will receive no pleasure from it due to the nicotine vaccine, and that can help them kick the habit".
He added: "We are very hopeful that this kind of vaccine strategy can finally help the millions of smokers who have tried to stop, exhausting all the methods on the market today, but find their nicotine addiction to be strong enough to overcome these current approaches."
'Impressive and intriguing' There are also issues around the safety of gene therapy in humans that will need to be answered.
Professor of genetics at the University of Kent, Darren Griffin, said the findings were "impressive and intriguing with great potential" but cautioned there were still many issues which needed addressing.
He said the main issue "is whether the observed biochemical effects in lab mice genuinely translate to a reduced addiction in humans given that such addictions can be both physical and psychological".
Dr Simon Waddington, from University College London, said: "The technology underpinning gene therapy is improving all the time and it is encouraging to see these preliminary results that indicate it could be used to address nicotine addiction, which is damaging to the nation's health and a drain on the health service economy."
If such a vaccine was developed it could also raise ethical questions about vaccinating people, possibly in childhood, before they even started smoking.

HIV quad pill 'may improve care'


HIV The 'quad' is the first multi-pill to include a type of anti-HIV drug known as an integrase inhibitor

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A new once-a-day pill which combines four HIV drugs into a single daily treatment is safe and effective, according to a US study.
It is hoped the four-in-one "quad pill" will make it easier for patients to stick to their medication, improving the effects of their treatment.
A study in the Lancet said it could be an "important new treatment option".
A UK expert said the pill was "great news" and was part of a movement towards once-daily doses.
HIV is incurable, but managing the infection requires combination therapy - multiple drugs used to control the virus.
This can mean taking several pills at different times of the day - and missing them means the body can lose the fight against the virus.
Researchers and drug companies have combined some drugs into single pills so that taking the correct medication at the right time of day is easier.
The quad pill is the first to include a type of anti-HIV drug known as an integrase inhibitor, which stops the virus replicating.

Start Quote

Without a doubt the achievement of a one-a-day pill has been a big advance in tackling HIV”
End Quote Dr Steve Taylor Birmingham Heartland Hospital
'Safe, simple, effective'
Paul Sax, clinical director at Brigham and Women's Hospital, in Boston, Massachusetts, and associate professor at Harvard Medical School, said: "Patient adherence to medication is vital, especially for patients with HIV, where missed doses can quickly lead to the virus becoming resistant to medication."
He led research comparing the effect of the quad pill with the current best treatment in 700 patients. He said the quad pill was as safe and effective, although there was a higher level of kidney problems among those taking it.
"Our results provide an additional highly potent, well-tolerated treatment option and highlight the simplicity of treatment resulting from combining several antiretrovirals in a single pill.
Dr Steve Taylor, an HIV specialist at Birmingham Heartland Hospital, said: "Without a doubt the achievement of a one-a-day pill has been a big advance in tackling HIV.
"We've come a long way from people taking up to 40 pills three times a day."
He said the new tablet was "great news" for people with HIV and would increase options for treatment.
However, he warned that too many people still had undiagnosed HIV. A quarter of people with HIV in the UK do not know they are infected.
The researcher was funded by the biotechnology company Gilead Sciences.

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Friday, 25 May 2012

Male contraceptive pill a step closer

Scientists are working on a contraceptive pill that would block a gene vital to sperm production, making men temporarily infertile

A male contraceptive pill could take the birth control burden off womenScientists are hopeful that a male contraceptive pill could soon be on its way, after trials in mice identified a gene essential to sperm production.

[Related story: Can the pill fail?]

The gene, called Katnal1, is important at the end of the sperm-creating process and scientists believe blocking it could induce temporary infertility. The breakthrough came when a team of researchers at the Centre for Reproductive Health at the University of Edinburgh were conducting investigations into male infertility.

Crucially, blocking the gene would be a temporary measure and, as the pill would potentially be non-hormonal, there should be few side effects.

It’s not the first attempt made at a male contraceptive pill but options for men currently remain limited to condoms or a vasectomy. Experts have called a non-hormonal contraceptive pill for men the ‘Holy Grail’.

"The key in developing a non-hormonal contraceptive for men is that the molecular target needs to be very specific for either sperm or other cells in the testicle which are involved in sperm production,” said Dr Allan Pacey, senior lecturer in andrology at the University of Sheffield.

"If they are not, then such a contraceptive could have unwanted side effects on other cells and tissues in the body and may even be dangerous.

"The gene described by the research group in Edinburgh sounds like an exciting new possible target for a new male contraceptive, but it may also shed light on why some men are sub-fertile and why their sperm does not work properly."


Thursday, 24 May 2012

India firm Ranbaxy launches new malaria drug


File photo of an Indian tribal woman attending to a malaria victim in the remote village of Bilaihum in the state of Tripur Millions of malaria cases are reported from around the globe every year

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India's top drugmaker Ranbaxy Laboratories has launched a new malaria treatment drug, Synriam, on the occasion of the World Malaria Day.
The country's first anti-malaria drug would treat Plasmodium falciparum malaria in adults, the company said.
It said the new drug was approved by Indian authorities for sale in India and conformed to the recommendations of the World Health Organisation (WHO).
The WHO estimates that malaria kills about 15,000 people annually in India.
But the Lancet, one of the world's leading medical journals, says that figure is hugely underestimated. It says more than 205,000 people die of malaria every year in India.
The drug was launched on Wednesday in the Indian capital, Delhi, by Health Minister Ghulam Nabi Azad and Science and Technology Minister Vilasrao Deshmukh.
In a statement, Ranbaxy said: "Synriam provides quick relief from most malaria-related symptoms, including fever, and has a high cure rate of over 95%."
Tsutomu Une, the chairman of Ranbaxy, said: "The drug fills a vital therapy gap not only in India but also worldwide. We will make all possible efforts to make Synriam accessible to the world."
The company said it was working to make the drug available in Africa, Asia and South America where malaria is rampant.
Malaria remains a major global public health challenge. India accounts for over 75% of the 2.5 million reported cases of malaria in southeast Asia annually.

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Third of malaria drugs 'are fake'


Mosquito Some species in Thailand and Vietnam spread a drug-resistant malaria strain

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A third of malaria drugs used around the world to stem the spread of the disease are counterfeit, data suggests.
Researchers who looked at 1,500 samples of seven malaria drugs from seven countries in South East Asia say poor-quality and fake tablets are causing drug resistance and treatment failure.
Data from 21 countries in sub-Saharan Africa including over 2,500 drug samples showed similar results.
Experts say The Lancet Infectious Diseases research is a "wake-up call".
The US researchers from the Fogarty International Center at the National Institutes of Health who carried out the work believe the problem may even be much greater than data suggests.
"Most cases are probably unreported, reported to the wrong agencies, or kept confidential by pharmaceutical companies," say the researchers.
No large studies of drug quality have been carried out in China or India - countries that house a third of the world's population and are a "probable" source of many counterfeit drugs as well as genuine antimalarial medicines, they say.
Lead researcher Gaurvika Nayyar stressed that 3.3 billion people were at risk of malaria, which is classified as endemic in 106 countries.
"Between 655,000 and 1.2 million people die every year from Plasmodium falciparum infection," he said.
"Much of this morbidity and mortality could be avoided if drugs available to patients were efficacious, high quality, and used correctly."
In parts of the world where malaria is prevalent, antimalarial drugs are widely distributed and self-prescribed, both correctly and incorrectly, say the researchers.
The study found there are insufficient facilities to monitor the quality of antimalarial drugs and poor consumer and health-worker knowledge about the therapies.
And there is a lack of regulatory oversight of manufacturing and little punitive action for counterfeiters.
Despite this, malaria mortality rates have fallen by more than 25% globally since 2000, and by 33% in the WHO African Region.
But the World Health Organization says maintaining current rates of progress will not be enough to meet global targets for malaria control.
It is calling for renewed investment in diagnostic testing, treatment, and surveillance for malaria.

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Calcium pills pose 'heart risk'

Calcium pills Researchers urge caution on calcium pills

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People who take calcium supplements could be increasing their risk of having a heart attack, according to researchers in Germany.
Calcium is often taken by older people to strengthen bones and prevent fractures.
But the study, published in the journal Heart, said the supplements "should be taken with caution".
Experts say promoting a balanced diet including calcium would be a better strategy.
The researchers at the German Cancer Research Centre, in Heidelberg, followed 23,980 people for more than a decade.
They compared the number of heart attacks in people who were taking calcium supplements with those who did not.
'Taken with caution'

Start Quote

We need to determine whether the potential risks of the supplements outweigh the benefits calcium can give sufferers of conditions such as osteoporosis”
End Quote Natasha Stewart British Heart Foundation
There were 851 heart attacks among the 15,959 people who did not take any supplements at all. However, people taking calcium supplements were 86% more likely to have had a heart attack during the study.
The researchers said that heart attacks "might be substantially increased by taking calcium supplements" and that they "should be taken with caution".
Dr Carrie Ruxton, from The Health Supplements Information Service which is funded supplement manufacturers, said: "Osteoporosis is a real issue for women and it is irresponsible for scientists to advise that women cut out calcium supplements on the basis of one flawed survey, particularly when the link between calcium, vitamin D and bone health is endorsed by the European Food Safety Authority."
The British Heart Foundation (BHF) said patients prescribed the supplements should keep taking their medication, but should also speak to their doctor if they were concerned.
'Not safe' Natasha Stewart, a senior cardiac nurse with the BHF, said: "This research indicates that there may be an increased risk of having a heart attack for people who take calcium supplements.
"However, this does not mean that these supplements cause heart attacks.
"Further research is needed to shed light on the relationship between calcium supplements and heart health. We need to determine whether the potential risks of the supplements outweigh the benefits calcium can give sufferers of conditions such as osteoporosis."
Ian Reid and Mark Bolland, researchers at the University of Auckland in New Zealand, said: "The evidence is also becoming steadily stronger that it is not safe, nor is it particularly effective.
"Therefore, the administration of this micro nutrient should not be encouraged; rather people should be advised to obtain their calcium intake from an appropriately balanced diet.
"We should return to seeing calcium as an important component of a balanced diet and not as a low cost panacea to the universal problem of postmenopausal bone loss."
A spokeswoman for the UK's Department of Health said it would consider the study carefully once the complete article had been published.
"The majority of people do not need to take a calcium supplement," she said.
"A healthy balanced diet will provide all the nutrients, including calcium, that they need. Good sources of calcium include milk and dairy foods, fortified dairy food alternatives, e.g. soya drink, and green leafy vegetables."

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'Emergency plan' to eradicate polio launched



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Anuradha Gupta, from India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, says they remain vigilant despite becoming free of the disease

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Polio has been declared a "global emergency" by the Global Polio Eradication Initiative after "explosive" outbreaks in countries previously free of the disease.
It has launched a plan to boost vaccination in Nigeria, Pakistan and Afghanistan, the only countries where the disease is still endemic.
Experts fear the disease could "come back with a vengeance".
The World Health Organization says polio is "at a tipping point".
There have been large outbreaks of the virus in Africa, Tajikistan and China has had its first cases for more than a decade.
'Relentless' Bruce Aylward, head of the WHO's polio eradication campaign, said: "Over the last 24 months on three continents - in Europe, in Africa and in Asia - we have seen horrific explosive outbreaks of the disease that affected adults, and in some cases 50% of them died.
"What it reminded people is that, if eradication fails, we are going to see an huge and vicious upsurge of this disease with consequences that it is very difficult even to foresee right now."
He said the initiative was "now on an emergency footing" which would result in a "big shift" in the way the virus is tackled.
The strategy has been summarised as the "relentless pursuit of the unvaccinated child".

Battleground: Pakistan

In the global fight against polio, Pakistan is the key battleground, with the highest number of cases in the world.
Nearly 200 children were paralysed here in 2011 - the worst figures in 15 years. And the Pakistani strain of the virus has crossed borders - causing outbreaks in Afghanistan and China.
The Pakistan government has already declared polio to be a national emergency. A small army of health workers - 88,000 - is targeting 33m children for vaccination.
But officials admit as many as three quarters of a million children still have not been immunized.
The government says immunization campaigns have been disrupted in recent years by a number of factors, including heavy flooding and military campaigns against the Taliban.
There has been opposition too from some powerful clerics - and damage was done by the fake CIA vaccination campaign which helped to locate Osama Bin Laden in the Pakistani city of Abbotabad.
However, Dr Aylward also cautioned that there was a $950m shortfall in funding and admitted they had been forced into "cutting corners" with vaccination campaigns being stopped in some countries.
'Will' India, once regarded as one of the most challenging countries, was declared free of the disease in February.
Kalyan Banerjee, the president of Rotary International, said: "We know polio can be eradicated, and our success in India proves it.
"It is now a question of political and societal will.
"Do we choose to deliver a polio-free world to future generations, or do we choose to allow 55 cases this year to turn into 200,000 children paralyzed for life, every single year?"
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative is a partnership between governments, the World Health Organization (WHO), Rotary International, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the United Nations Children's Fund.
Members of the WHO, meeting in Geneva, will vote this week on whether to declare polio eradication an "emergency for public health".
The WHO estimates that failure to act could lead to as many as 200,000 paralyzed children a year worldwide within a decade.
The WHO originally set the year 2000 as its target for polio eradication. Dr Margaret Chan, director-general of the WHO, said the organisation was now working "in emergency mode".
The BBC's Imogen Foulkes in Geneva says the programme has claimed some remarkable successes, most notably India, which was declared polio-free in February.
She says the WHO hopes to shake donor countries out of their complacency and support one last effort at eradication. The WHO believes that with one last push, the disease could be eradicated globally, she says.
It is thought conflict and a lack of trust in vaccinations mean fewer children are being immunized.
Polio is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus. It invades the nervous system, and can cause total paralysis in a matter of hours.
One in 200 infections leads to irreversible paralysis, usually in the legs. Among those paralysed, 5% to 10% die when their breathing muscles become immobilized.
Unicef executive director Anthony Lake said: "All our efforts are at risk until all children are fully immunized against polio - and that means fully funding the global eradication effort and reaching the children we have not yet reached
"We have come so far in the battle against this crippling disease. We can now make history - or later be condemned by history for failing."

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Male pill: gene discovery may lead to contraceptive


Sperm Healthy sperm manufacture needs the Katnal1 gene

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It may be possible to develop a new male contraceptive pill after researchers in Edinburgh identified a gene critical for the production of healthy sperm.
Experiments in mice found that the gene, Katnal1, was vital for the final stages of making sperm.
The authors of a study in PLos Genetics said a drug which interrupts Katnal1 could be a reversible contraceptive.
A fertility expert said there was "certainly a need" for such a drug.
Contraception in men is largely down to condoms or a vasectomy.
Infertility search Researchers at the Centre for Reproductive Health at the University of Edinburgh were investigating the causes of male infertility.
They randomly altered the genetic code of mice to see which became infertile. They then traced the mutations which led to infertility, which led them to Katnal1.

Start Quote

If we can find a way to target this gene in the testes, we could potentially develop a non-hormonal contraceptive”
End Quote Dr Lee Smith University of Edinburgh
It contains the blueprints for a protein which is important in cells which support the development of sperm. Without the protein, sperm do not fully form and the body disposes of them.
Scientists hope they will be able to perform a similar trick in humans to stop sperm developing, without causing lasting damage.
One of the researchers Dr Lee Smith said: "If we can find a way to target this gene in the testes, we could potentially develop a non-hormonal contraceptive.
"The important thing is that the effects of such a drug would be reversible because Katnal1 only affects sperm cells in the later stages of development, so it would not hinder the early stages of sperm production and the overall ability to produce sperm.
He said it would be "relatively difficult" to do as the protein lives inside cells, however, he said there was "potential" to find something else that protein worked with, which might be an easier target.
'Holy Grail' Dr Allan Pacey, senior lecturer in andrology at the University of Sheffield, said there was "certainly a need" for a non-hormonal contraceptive for men and that this had been a "Holy Grail" of research for many years.
He added: "The key in developing a non-hormonal contraceptive for men is that the molecular target needs to be very specific for either sperm or other cells in the testicle which are involved in sperm production.
"If they are not, then such a contraceptive could have unwanted side effects on other cells and tissues in the body and may even be dangerous.
"The gene described by the research group in Edinburgh sounds like an exciting new possible target for a new male contraceptive, but it may also shed light on why some men and sub-fertile and why their sperm does not work properly."

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Thursday, 17 May 2012

The baby time-lapse trend


Montage of pictures of Suman Bansal
Baby time-lapses - which see parents take daily images of their child, and run them together - are becoming increasingly common. So are they now the ultimate way of documenting a child's development?
Parents have always been fond of storing sentimental keepsakes - a first tooth or lock of hair - as their child grows up.
And pictures marking significant milestones - birthdays or their first day of school - are a mainstay of mantelpieces.
But there is now a much more ambitious trend in cataloguing a child's growth. And rather than being something typically kept within the privacy of the home, it prides itself on going public.

Start Quote

I will hopefully have given my children a gift which they can pass it on to their children”
End Quote Munish Bansal
Take the time-lapse of Natalie, who grows from birth to 10 years old in one minute and 25 seconds. It has racked up seven million hits since it emerged on YouTube in 2008.
Or a pregnant mother and her partner's take on the trend, which encapsulates the nine-month pregnancy cycle in just 90 seconds.
Clearly, for some snap-happy parents, posting a couple of hundred pictures on Flickr is not enough. They are posting them every day. Others are creating video montages to capture the process.
So what motivates parents to create baby time-lapses - and are they becoming the ultimate way of recording a child's development?
Munish Bansal, 39, a bookkeeper from Gillingham, Kent, has been recording every day in his children's lives from the day they were born. He has now amassed more than 10,000 photos of Suman, 16, and Jay, 13, which are displayed on a dedicated website.
Two images of Suman Bansal, one taken in 1996 (left), the other from 1997 (right) Munish Bansal has taken photographs of his daughter Suman Bansal every day since her birth on 16 May 1996 (left). The following images are taken on her birthday every year since then.
Suman Bansal on 16 May 1998 (left) and 16 May 1999 (right) Suman on 16 May 1998 (left) and 16 May 1999 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2000 (left) and 16 May 2001 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2000 (left) and 16 May 2001 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2002 (left) and 16 May 2003 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2002 (left) and 16 May 2003 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2004 (left) and 16 May 2005 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2004 (left) and 16 May 2005 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2006 (left) and 16 May 2007 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2006 (left) and 16 May 2007 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2008 (left) and 16 May 2009 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2008 (left) and 16 May 2009 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2010 (left) and 16 May 2011 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2010 (left) and 16 May 2011 (right)
Suman Bansal Suman Bansal on her birthday in 2012
"I decided it was something I wanted to do before Suman was born - I wanted to see the daily changes, and it was also for family in India.
"I thought I'd only do it for a few years, but then it seemed a shame to stop. When you look at the photos, it's like fast forwarding a movie, you can see how she used to laugh, smile, and look - it's wonderful," he says.
Bansal says he "has to be strict" with himself to keep up the practice. And on one occasion, when his daughter went to France, he had to get friends and teachers to take the pictures in his place.
In an ideal world, he says he would like to carry on taking photos until his children are 18 years old, but it depends on how they feel when they go to college. At the moment, they love the attention, he says.
"Either way I feel as if I have achieved a goal - and I will hopefully have given my children a gift which they can pass it onto their children."
Eight image of Lotte Hofmeester aged (top row: aged 4 months, one year old, three years old, five years old; top row: seven years old, eleven years old, twelve years old) (photos: Frans Hofmeester) Frans Hofmeester documented his daughter Lotte's progression through childhood, pictured above from infancy to age 12
For Dutch filmmaker Frans Hofmeester, who has been filming his daughter Lotte, 12, every week since she was born, a time-lapse was never something he set out to achieve.
"She was changing at such a rapid pace, I felt like I needed to document the way she looked, the sounds she made, to keep my memory intact.
"I developed a rhythm of filming every week, and editing a film every birthday. When my son Vince came along, I started doing the same thing," he says.
Vince Hofmeester (photos: Frans Hofmeester) Hofmeester also captured his son
Hofmeester says the process became "more intense, more powerful" as time passed, until he realised he had "something special in his hands, which he had to do something with".
However he says he was "overwhelmed" by the reaction to the result - the Lotte time-lapse video from birth to 12 in two minutes 45 seconds - which went viral and clocked up 3.7m views on Vimeo in one week.
Hofmeester puts the appeal down to the "soul feeling" of the live images, which "touches people", as well as the natural draw of children.
"It is also the most essential example of what life is - there are so many emotions in just three minutes," he says.
It is easy to understand how the creators of baby time-lapses get captivated by them, but their wider appeal is perhaps more surprising.
Especially in light of a recent poll of Facebook users, which puts baby photos as the second most irritating picture annoyance on the website.
So how popular are baby time-lapses, and why do other people like viewing them?

The bump chronicler

Jen Jardin's bump
Jen Jardin, 28, a body piercer from north London, is 17 weeks pregnant and documenting her pregnancy through an app.
"I take a picture every Sunday, standing against the same wall, with my partner sitting in the same spot, so I can see how my bump changes. It's quite a good app, it tells me how big the baby is by fruit or vegetable size, starting off as a poppy seed, then grape, lemon etc, so we can visualise it. Now I'm a sweet potato.
"Part of the reason we're doing it is we really wanted to get pregnant, so after trying for a while when it finally happened, it was really special. But it is also going so fast it is a way of remembering it. When I was in the middle of morning sickness it was hard to savour the moment, and once the baby arrives I might forget what it was like to be pregnant.
"It's just for our own personal use. I'd like to make a time lapse out of all the pictures at the end, as a gift, but I doubt it will end up on YouTube.
We'd quite like to carry on when our child is born, but we'll see. Even now I love looking back at photos, it's interesting to see how I've changed."
Kathryn Blundell, the editor of Mother & Baby Magazine, says whereas parents are often drawn to time-lapses because of an awareness of how fleeting childhood is, their wider appeal is, in part, because of the "hypnotic and memorising" element of the medium.
"It's like when you watch the David Attenborough flower opening - there is a fascination, it pulls you in," she says.
According to Blundell, baby time-lapses are part of a growing trend that has developed alongside technology.
"Whether it's photo albums, videos, or babies that now have their own Facebook pages and Twitter pages with updates like 'I've pooped my pants', to mums writing their own blogs, Mumsnet and Pinterest, the culture is already out there.
"In a way, baby time-lapses are the modern scrapbook," she says.
Ellis Cashmore, professor of culture, media and sport at Staffordshire University, agrees technology has simply given parents another means of documenting their child's development - but he believes baby time-lapses also reflect a much broader shift in society.
"We have a different concept of the private life than we used to, even 20 years ago. The concept of shielding something away from public attention has virtually been abandoned - we share practically everything nowadays, not just in social media, but in day-to-day interactions.
"So whereas in the mid 20th Century sharing photos of your children may have been a cause of embarrassment, the advances in media, which started with the introduction of television, have incrementally changed the notion of what is private," he says.
Of course some parents are uncomfortable with baby photos being put online, or fear they may be open to abuse or manipulation. Critics also argue a child should have a right to decide whether it has a digital footprint, not parents.
But a study by internet security company AVG, which found that 92% of children in the US had an online presence by the time they were two years old, with countries such as the UK and France not far behind at 81%, suggests the majority of parents are more relaxed.
Woman takes a photography of a young child
However those that think baby time-lapses are set to be the norm are misguided, according to Greg Hobson, curator of photographs at the National Media Museum.
"It is an interesting phenomenon and I think people tend to connect with these time-lapses as they are human beings, and there are intonations of death and the passing of time - in a similar way to time-lapses of fruit or flowers decaying - which make us aware of our own mortality.
"But these are essentially family shots, so while it is interesting to see new something on the internet, the attention span for these things is relatively short," he says.
Montage of pictures of Suman Bansal
Baby time-lapses - which see parents take daily images of their child, and run them together - are becoming increasingly common. So are they now the ultimate way of documenting a child's development?
Parents have always been fond of storing sentimental keepsakes - a first tooth or lock of hair - as their child grows up.
And pictures marking significant milestones - birthdays or their first day of school - are a mainstay of mantelpieces.
But there is now a much more ambitious trend in cataloguing a child's growth. And rather than being something typically kept within the privacy of the home, it prides itself on going public.

Start Quote

I will hopefully have given my children a gift which they can pass it on to their children”
End Quote Munish Bansal
Take the time-lapse of Natalie, who grows from birth to 10 years old in one minute and 25 seconds. It has racked up seven million hits since it emerged on YouTube in 2008.
Or a pregnant mother and her partner's take on the trend, which encapsulates the nine-month pregnancy cycle in just 90 seconds.
Clearly, for some snap-happy parents, posting a couple of hundred pictures on Flickr is not enough. They are posting them every day. Others are creating video montages to capture the process.
So what motivates parents to create baby time-lapses - and are they becoming the ultimate way of recording a child's development?
Munish Bansal, 39, a bookkeeper from Gillingham, Kent, has been recording every day in his children's lives from the day they were born. He has now amassed more than 10,000 photos of Suman, 16, and Jay, 13, which are displayed on a dedicated website.
Two images of Suman Bansal, one taken in 1996 (left), the other from 1997 (right) Munish Bansal has taken photographs of his daughter Suman Bansal every day since her birth on 16 May 1996 (left). The following images are taken on her birthday every year since then.
Suman Bansal on 16 May 1998 (left) and 16 May 1999 (right) Suman on 16 May 1998 (left) and 16 May 1999 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2000 (left) and 16 May 2001 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2000 (left) and 16 May 2001 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2002 (left) and 16 May 2003 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2002 (left) and 16 May 2003 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2004 (left) and 16 May 2005 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2004 (left) and 16 May 2005 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2006 (left) and 16 May 2007 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2006 (left) and 16 May 2007 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2008 (left) and 16 May 2009 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2008 (left) and 16 May 2009 (right)
Suman Bansal on 16 May 2010 (left) and 16 May 2011 (right) Suman Bansal on 16 May 2010 (left) and 16 May 2011 (right)
Suman Bansal Suman Bansal on her birthday in 2012
"I decided it was something I wanted to do before Suman was born - I wanted to see the daily changes, and it was also for family in India.
"I thought I'd only do it for a few years, but then it seemed a shame to stop. When you look at the photos, it's like fast forwarding a movie, you can see how she used to laugh, smile, and look - it's wonderful," he says.
Bansal says he "has to be strict" with himself to keep up the practice. And on one occasion, when his daughter went to France, he had to get friends and teachers to take the pictures in his place.
In an ideal world, he says he would like to carry on taking photos until his children are 18 years old, but it depends on how they feel when they go to college. At the moment, they love the attention, he says.
"Either way I feel as if I have achieved a goal - and I will hopefully have given my children a gift which they can pass it onto their children."
Eight image of Lotte Hofmeester aged (top row: aged 4 months, one year old, three years old, five years old; top row: seven years old, eleven years old, twelve years old) (photos: Frans Hofmeester) Frans Hofmeester documented his daughter Lotte's progression through childhood, pictured above from infancy to age 12
For Dutch filmmaker Frans Hofmeester, who has been filming his daughter Lotte, 12, every week since she was born, a time-lapse was never something he set out to achieve.
"She was changing at such a rapid pace, I felt like I needed to document the way she looked, the sounds she made, to keep my memory intact.
"I developed a rhythm of filming every week, and editing a film every birthday. When my son Vince came along, I started doing the same thing," he says.
Vince Hofmeester (photos: Frans Hofmeester) Hofmeester also captured his son
Hofmeester says the process became "more intense, more powerful" as time passed, until he realised he had "something special in his hands, which he had to do something with".
However he says he was "overwhelmed" by the reaction to the result - the Lotte time-lapse video from birth to 12 in two minutes 45 seconds - which went viral and clocked up 3.7m views on Vimeo in one week.
Hofmeester puts the appeal down to the "soul feeling" of the live images, which "touches people", as well as the natural draw of children.
"It is also the most essential example of what life is - there are so many emotions in just three minutes," he says.
It is easy to understand how the creators of baby time-lapses get captivated by them, but their wider appeal is perhaps more surprising.
Especially in light of a recent poll of Facebook users, which puts baby photos as the second most irritating picture annoyance on the website.
So how popular are baby time-lapses, and why do other people like viewing them?

The bump chronicler

Jen Jardin's bump
Jen Jardin, 28, a body piercer from north London, is 17 weeks pregnant and documenting her pregnancy through an app.
"I take a picture every Sunday, standing against the same wall, with my partner sitting in the same spot, so I can see how my bump changes. It's quite a good app, it tells me how big the baby is by fruit or vegetable size, starting off as a poppy seed, then grape, lemon etc, so we can visualise it. Now I'm a sweet potato.
"Part of the reason we're doing it is we really wanted to get pregnant, so after trying for a while when it finally happened, it was really special. But it is also going so fast it is a way of remembering it. When I was in the middle of morning sickness it was hard to savour the moment, and once the baby arrives I might forget what it was like to be pregnant.
"It's just for our own personal use. I'd like to make a time lapse out of all the pictures at the end, as a gift, but I doubt it will end up on YouTube.
We'd quite like to carry on when our child is born, but we'll see. Even now I love looking back at photos, it's interesting to see how I've changed."
Kathryn Blundell, the editor of Mother & Baby Magazine, says whereas parents are often drawn to time-lapses because of an awareness of how fleeting childhood is, their wider appeal is, in part, because of the "hypnotic and memorising" element of the medium.
"It's like when you watch the David Attenborough flower opening - there is a fascination, it pulls you in," she says.
According to Blundell, baby time-lapses are part of a growing trend that has developed alongside technology.
"Whether it's photo albums, videos, or babies that now have their own Facebook pages and Twitter pages with updates like 'I've pooped my pants', to mums writing their own blogs, Mumsnet and Pinterest, the culture is already out there.
"In a way, baby time-lapses are the modern scrapbook," she says.
Ellis Cashmore, professor of culture, media and sport at Staffordshire University, agrees technology has simply given parents another means of documenting their child's development - but he believes baby time-lapses also reflect a much broader shift in society.
"We have a different concept of the private life than we used to, even 20 years ago. The concept of shielding something away from public attention has virtually been abandoned - we share practically everything nowadays, not just in social media, but in day-to-day interactions.
"So whereas in the mid 20th Century sharing photos of your children may have been a cause of embarrassment, the advances in media, which started with the introduction of television, have incrementally changed the notion of what is private," he says.
Of course some parents are uncomfortable with baby photos being put online, or fear they may be open to abuse or manipulation. Critics also argue a child should have a right to decide whether it has a digital footprint, not parents.
But a study by internet security company AVG, which found that 92% of children in the US had an online presence by the time they were two years old, with countries such as the UK and France not far behind at 81%, suggests the majority of parents are more relaxed.
Woman takes a photography of a young child
However those that think baby time-lapses are set to be the norm are misguided, according to Greg Hobson, curator of photographs at the National Media Museum.
"It is an interesting phenomenon and I think people tend to connect with these time-lapses as they are human beings, and there are intonations of death and the passing of time - in a similar way to time-lapses of fruit or flowers decaying - which make us aware of our own mortality.
"But these are essentially family shots, so while it is interesting to see new something on the internet, the attention span for these things is relatively short," he says.